The publisher is issuing an Expression of Concern for the following work, Pan C, Li C (2026), “Designing a green method for producing bioactive compounds in sports nutrition and recovery”. Green Materials, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. Link to Designing a green method for producing bioactive compounds in sports nutrition and recoveryLink to the cited article. An investigation by the publisher highlighted multiple references throughout the article that have been identified as anomalous and inappropriate; the authors were unable to provide sufficient justification for their presence in the article:
Cao Y, Niu B, Wang H, Zhao X and Al-Barakati AA (2025) Adaptive neural event-triggered secure control for non-linear MASs against actuator faults and FDI attacks. International Journal of Systems Science 1–14.
Huang Z, Karimi HR, Niu B, Li L and Zhao X (2025) A unified adaptive event-triggered output feedback consensus for multi-agent systems with or without output constraints. International Journal of Robust and Non-linear Control35(4): 1390–1405.
Ke H-Y, Chen Y-J, Li M and Li J-N (2025) Fault-tolerant control design for non-linear multilateral teleoperation system with unreliable communication channels and actuator constraints. International Journal of Machine Learning and Cybernetics16(3): 1991–2007.
Li M, Chen Y and Li J-N (2025) Event-triggered fault-tolerant control for non-linear multilateral teleoperation system with unknown environmental forces. International Journal of Robust and Non-linear Control35(5): 1831–1847.
Liu S, Niu B, Zhao N et al. (2025) A novel event-triggered mechanism-based optimal safe control for non-linear multi-player systems using adaptive dynamic programming. Journal of the Franklin Institute362(11): 107761.
Wang Y, Zhai Y, Ding Y and Zou Q (2024) SBSM-Pro: support biosequence machine for proteins. Science China Information Sciences67(11): 212106.
Wu X, Ding S, Zhao N, Wang H and Niu B (2025) Neural-networkbased event-triggered adaptive secure fault-tolerant containment control for non-linear multi-agent systems under denial-of-service attacks. Neural Networks: The Official Journal of the International Neural Network Society191: 107725.
Wu X, Zong G, Wang H, Niu B and Zhao X (2025) Collision-free distributed adaptive resilient formation control for underactuated USVs subject to intermittent actuator faults and denial-of-service attacks. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology74(9): 13606–13617
Xu H, Zhao N, Xu N, Niu B and Zhao X (2025) Reinforcement learningbased dynamic event-triggered prescribed performance control for non-linear systems with input delay. International Journal of Systems Science 1–16.
Xue B, Yang Q, Jin Y et al. (2023) Genotoxicity assessment of haloacetaldehyde disinfection byproducts via a simplified yeastbased toxicogenomics assay. Environmental Science & Technology57(44): 16823–16833.
Zhang Z, Zhao N, Niu B, Zhao X and Ahmad AM (2025) Observer-based adaptive secure control for networked switched non-linear systems under DoS attacks. International Journal of General Systems 1–35.
Zhao J, Karimi HR, Niu B and Zhao X (2025) Safe optimal control for multiplayer Stackelberg–Nash games of non-linear time-delay systems via adaptive dynamic programming. Neurocomputing654: 131203.
Emerald’s publishing ethics policies make it clear that authors bear full responsibility for checking the accuracy of references and must have consulted the works referenced to ensure their validity and alignment with the research being presented. As a result of these concerns and as trust in the content is central to the integrity of the publication process, the publisher has therefore taken the decision to publish an Expression of Concern. This decision has been informed by COPE’s guidelines on Expressions of Concern and Emerald’s publishing ethics. The publisher of the journal sincerely apologizes to the readers of this work.
