...Kazem Askarifar; Yalda Dehbozorgi; Ali Alsafi Purpose This study aims to examine the relationship between the risk-aversion level of return policies and customer trust in online shopping in three countries in the Middle East. Design/methodology/approach In the first step, the different types...

... experience and so on, which should be considered in designing the Islamic banking and financial tools. Originality/value Today, economics and marketing have shown that an enterprise needs to meet customer demand to succeed. In the field of Islamic banking and finance, financial firms and banks should...