... Environment Pro-environmental behavior PRISMA Tourism scholars are increasingly exploring ways to engage tourists in environmental behavior (Khan et al., 2025). Their research examines how individual attributes, destination attributes and environmental psychological factors (e.g...

... with religious values that emphasise stewardship and the moral obligation to protect the environment (Hasan, 2014 ; Suhartanto et al., 2024). These attitudes not only reflect an appreciation for environmental conservation but also reinforce their commitment to ethical practices that align...

...]); and threats (e.g. competition [T1], political instability [T2], economic downturns [T3] and environmental and social challenges [T4]). Practical implications This paper could serve as a guideline and supplementary information for stakeholders in the homestay industry to grasp their business environment...