... alleviation more effectively and efficiently in Muslim countries. Design/methodology/approach The study is a conceptual one. Therefore, it is both descriptive and explorative. While developing the zakah-based ownership model, the Holy Quran and Hadith have served as a basis and guide in addition...

... the ravaging COVID-19 and still has the potential to be explored. Expectedly, it makes this occasion an assessment or benchmark to improve the Halal industry and lifestyle in the future and contributes to the betterment of the ummah and Muslim countries. The attention toward Islamic or Halal branding...