... It was found that professional learning communities and teacher self-efficacy played significant mediating roles for enhancing differentiated instruction by strengthening teacher leadership. Originality/value These insights inform strategic recommendations for improving teaching practices in rural schools...

...), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this licence may be seen at Link to the terms of the CC BY 4.0 licence . Social network analysis Advice networks Rural schools ERGMs Principal collaboration Instructional leadership A substantial...