... results revealed that the restoration efficiency of the retrofitting scheme was 100% for all the beams tested under a_v/d = 3.9 and 90% for the beams tested under a_v/d = 5.0. A techno-economic sustainability study was performed through cradle...

... (12.5–20) GF0.3 410 1365 140 6.16 4.1 (12.5–20) GF0.4 410 1365 140 8.22 4.1 abrasion resistance drainage glass fibre mechanical properties permeability pervious concrete polypropylene fibre porosity sulfate resistance sustainability f_c...

... codes of practice & standards columns design design methods & aids loads & loading recycling & reuse of materials service life steel steel structures structural analysis structural design structural frameworks sustainability UN SDG 11: sustainable cities and communities UN...

..., structures & design light weight modular construction stadium steel structures sustainability The climate crisis poses a major challenge for the buildings design community, considering that the built environment is responsible for about 40% of greenhouse gas emissions (UN Environment...

...Mark Grigorian, DPhil, SE; Siavash Sedighi, MSc; Hadiseh Mohammadi, MSc Sustainable seismic design (SSD) is the first step towards next-generation earthquake engineering. SSD of mixed multiple seismic systems (MMSSs), in which more than one earthquake-resisting structure is used, is a challenging...

... of the bamboo (in mm) and L is the bamboo embedment length (in mm). bamboo bond strength design of experiments mortar sustainability UN SDG 11: Sustainable cities and communities The population explosion has created an enormous demand for shelter, with steel and cement demands...

... Board of Moderators sustainability The world is in the midst of a climate emergency. It is the defining feature of society for the foreseeable future. Its origins, severity and consequences are simply undeniable. Children today are highly likely to still be alive in 2100, when the true effects...

...). built environment embodied carbon embodied energy energy efficiency renewable energy statistical analysis structural materials sustainability Environmental product declarations (EPD) to EN 15804 (CEN/TC 350, 2013) provide information about the environmental impacts associated...

... 21 05 2021 ICE Publishing: All rights reserved 2021 concrete structures design sustainability Figure 3. Schematic diagram of a semi-rigid system structure: (a) shear force-resisting mechanism; (b) sources of compressive force Figure 4 compares the working mechanisms...

...Mark Grigorian, MSc, DPhil, SE; Mozhgan Kamizi, BS, MS; Siavash Sedighi, MSc, PE Sustainable seismic design (SSD) is a relatively new field of study that promises improved human welfare and innovative developments in structural engineering worldwide. In the present context, SSD refers to structural...

... replacing the coarse natural aggregate partially by coarse SSA. ICE Publishing: All rights reserved 2020 recycling & reuse of materials strength & testing of materials sustainability Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is an innovative fluid mixture which has characteristics of high...

... in the relevant bibliography and international standards. 10 01 2020 27 05 2020 ICE Publishing: All rights reserved 2020 rehabilitation, reclamation & renovation sustainability timber structures Dowel-type connections are widely employed in construction because they are easy...

... and ultimate performance to achieve sustainable design for concrete elements with ECRBs in chloride-containing environments. concrete structures corrosion sustainability Due to the mechanical deterioration of concrete under severe marine, chloride-containing environments (Ghahari et al...

...Mark Grigorian, MSc (Tech), DPhil, SE; Mozhgan Kamizi, BS, MS The need for resilient or sustainable seismic design is at the forefront of structural engineering challenges worldwide. Sustainable seismic design is a relatively new concept that is rapidly gaining interest and hints at the arrival...

... 2019 18 06 2019 ICE Publishing: All rights reserved 2019 concrete structures concrete technology & manufacture sustainability The E_c of concrete is a critical property in structural analysis, as it is used in estimating the deflection and buckling...

... & manufacture recycling & reuse of materials sustainability Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is a kind of high-performance concrete that flows under its own weight and can completely fill the form work even within congested reinforcement (Okamura and Ouchi, 2003). It has favourable characteristics...

... for estimating, in conjunction with Eurocode 2, the modulus of elasticity of concrete made with coarse RCA and sustainable measures to compensate for the reduction in the modulus of elasticity are proposed. Given that the main observations of the two groups are broadly the same, only the suggested relative...

...Chanakya Arya, BSc, PhD, DIC, CEng, MICE; Ali Amiri, BSc, PhD; Perry Vassie, BSc, MMath, PhD, Civil infrastructure projects such as bridges can have a major impact on many of the issues relevant to sustainability and it is therefore important that civil and structural engineers have methods...

... structures design methods & aids sustainability A_s area of flexural reinforcement (mm^{2) D beam depth (mm) E_d design effect of an action F_b,i horizontal component of force in reinforcing bar}...

... sustainability In 1993 the Steel Construction Institute (SCI) carried out an economic analysis (including frame and overall construction time) of a number of structural options for what is regarded as a typical office building in outer Manchester. The study was updated in 2004 owing to changes in cost...