This study examines how perceived algorithmic control (PAC) influences workplace well-being (WWB), addressing conflicting findings in prior research. Drawing on mind perception theory and self-determination theory, it proposes a moderated mediation model involving basic psychological needs and mind perception.
Two time-lagged survey studies were conducted with gig workers. Study 1 (N = 804) tested the relationship between PAC and WWB and the moderating role of mind perception. Study 2 (N = 287) examined the mediating roles of need satisfaction and need frustration, and how mind perception moderates these effects.
PAC positively predicts WWB when mind perception is low but negatively when it is high. Need satisfaction and frustration exert competing mediating effects, with mind perception moderating the strength of these pathways.
To promote positive outcomes, organizations should avoid overly anthropomorphic algorithm designs that heighten mind perception and design systems that support psychological needs such as autonomy.
This study clarifies when and how algorithmic control helps or harms employee well-being, offering a theoretical basis to reconcile prior inconsistencies and guiding more human-centered algorithmic management.
