... software to conduct the research. To measure the board’s effectiveness, two variables are used, including board dynamics and potential. Findings The results showed a positive and significant relationship between dynamics, board potential and investment efficiency. Also, no significant relationship...

... as it pertains to the allocation of excess funds. Furthermore, these findings have implications for regulators as they shed light on the importance to undertake measures and reforms to promote board effectiveness by the introduction of gender diversity. Originality/value While prior research has examined...