... on normative control to manage employees ideologically instead of regulating their behaviors. Normative control Missing subject Agency Participation Retroduction Critical realism To understand post-bureaucratic forms of control, a large number of studies have taken inspiration from post...

... Critical realism provides a means of building interdisciplinary knowledge in PMM. In addition to a generative view of causality, critical realism could augment a systems view of PMM by adopting a stratified view of reality and through its applied approach to knowledge building. The case illustrates...

...Peter McGhee; Patricia Grant Purpose This study aims to demonstrate how critical realism (CR) can be used in spirituality at work (SAW) research and to provide a practical example of CR in SAW research. Design/methodology/approach CR is a philosophical meta-theory that allows...

...Hamid Nach Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine how people respond when their identity is challenged as they use computerized information systems in organizational settings. Using the critical realism perspective, the author built on the identity control theory and suggested a set...

... is that it applies critical realism to mediate hype about ICTs that could be used to support decision making. The value of this paper is that it provides a detailed description of inter‐related factors that need to be managed in decision making support. Information and communication technology Framing Critical...