The knowledge advantage

What gives any organization a competitive advantage? Many people and organizations have built reputations and fortunes by suggesting that the answers are information technology, total quality management, quality of strategy or management, or selected niche strategies. In several presentations, Richard Pasquale has compiled and presented a list of about 70 proposed “answers” to the perennial questions about sustainable competitiveness. However, organizational knowledge is rarely, if ever, offered up among these strategic nostrums.