Owing to increasing environmental regulations and growing concerns about the harmful byproducts generated by the textile industry, it is essential to highlight the significance of adopting sustainable materials in dyeing and printing processes that involve commercial binders.
This study investigated the development of binders derived from renewable resources, named palm oil using as a sustainable option compared to commercial products. Four binders with varying palm oil mount of 50% (B1), 55% (B2), 60% (B3) and 65% (B4) w/w have been designed using two stages, alcoholysis and polyesterification reactions. These binders offer an economical printing solution that is compatible with both natural and synthetic fabrics, while enhancing the quality and performance of printed textiles. This approach aligns with the growing demand for sustainability in the textile industry and complies with relevant environmental regulations. Furthermore, the use of these produced binders can significantly improve the performance metrics of printed fabrics, thereby boosting customer satisfaction and enhancing market competitiveness. Alkyd resins with unique attributes and reactive characteristics are formulated and characterized solely from commercially accessible renewable resources.
The results indicated that using normal heating (NH) does not facilitate alcoholysis and polyestrification when a low quantity of oil is present, resulting in no formation of alkyd resin. In contrast, with a larger amount of oil, these processes were observed but required an extended time. Microwave irradiation (MW) enabled the reaction to complete within a few seconds, whereas conductive heating necessitated a longer duration, spanning several hours. The size of the synthesized binder particles varied with oil content, ranging from 8.26–7.31, 0.15–0.14, 0.05–0.04 and 0.40–0.20 for B1, B2, B3 and B4, respectively. While the nano size cannot be achieved when applying NH. In addition, prints created using microwave fixation demonstrated enhanced color strength, fastness characteristics and surface morphology compared to those made with traditional steaming fixation techniques.
There are no research limitations for this work. Binder was synthesized from a renewable resource, namely, palm oil, by applying MW to save energy, water, chemicals and time.
This work has practical applications for textile coloration. It is concluded that using a different amount of palm oil by applying MW as an alternative heating source makes the process greener.
Socially, the synthesized binder has a positive social impact on the ecosystem and global community as it does not contain any carcinogenic materials.
The work is original and contains value-added products for the textile printing and other confederate fields.
