.... C7 F12 F18 Q58 H23 Border carbon adjustments escalating penalties enforcement of cooperation carbon leakage where C S i is the consumer surplus in country i which depends on the total supply to market i X i = x 1 i + x 2 i where x...

... and T. Hori Licensed re-use rights only Ambitious emissions goal lobby carbon pricing quota revenue refund rent-seeking D72 Q58 We model a five-stage choice of an instrument game in a closed country with one citizen, one industry, and one policymaker. ⁷ Figure...

... and T. Zhu 2020 S. Borghesi and T. Zhu Licensed re-use rights only Emissions trading systems full linking restricted linking delinking carbon markets cap-and-trade F42 G15 H87 Q54 Q58 To date, there are 21 distinct Emissions Trading Systems (ETSs) in operation covering...

... C. J. Kennedy, S. M. McDermott and M. E. Oliver Licensed re-use rights only Declining discount rate climate policy carbon tax investment-based mitigation H43 Q51 Q54 Q58 We demonstrate that using a DDR to set a carbon tax/subsidy schedule results in under-investment...

... with A. Abatement cost function satisfies the properties A' > 0 for a > 0 and A" > 0. In addition, the following assumption on price and costs is imposed to obtain the results: Q30 Q38 Q50 Q58 The mining industry has a large impact on the environment due...

... the grand coalition. C72 F18 Q50 Q58 The reduction of global carbon emissions necessary to stabilize the world climate at safe levels requires a broad and deep international environmental agreement (IEA), that is, an IEA that secures cooperation of all (major) countries and strives for maximum...

... Horizontal product differentiation Taste for variety C72 F18 Q58 Consider an intra-industry trade model with n ex ante symmetric countries with a representative firm and consumer in each country. We denote the set of countries by N. Firms produce a horizontally...

..., efficiency losses. Q54 Q58 International emissions trading (hereafter IET) is a flexible mechanism proposed in the Kyoto Protocol which aims at reducing the Annex-1 countries’ compliance costs. Under this mechanism, countries with differentiated abatement costs could trade emission permits...

... − T + e ) . When a firm is inspected, it also incurs a fixed cost, denoted a. The firm’s total cost in a single period can be written as Monitoring and enforcement Environmental regulation Targeting Leveraging Rank-order tournament D62 L51 Q58 It has long...

... Conference 2011 and two anonymous referees. © 2012 R. Ahmed 2012 R. Ahmed Licensed re-use rights only Voluntary environmental programs participation incentives energy efficiency green products. Q48 Q58 In many cases improvements in environmental performance have been achieved...

... trade international institutions principal-agent models democratic accountability D82 F55 Q58 Environmental regulations reduce negative externalities, such as air pollution. However, many environmental regulations are also product or process standards that apply to imports (DeSombre...

... the unobservability of countries’preferences, can only be found by a repeated “trial and error” implementation process. Q23 Q57 Q58 One of the most debated issues is the mode of calculation of the baseline (Tacconi, 2009). ⁴ If recipient countries succeed in negotiating high baselines...

... F55 O34 Q54 Q55 Q58 Clean technology can help states mitigate climate change (Barrett, 2009 ; Huber, 2008). However, international cooperation to promote the development and adoption of clean technology has proven controversial. One key cleavage concerns the protection of intellectual...