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Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present improvements in X‐ray equipment, which are leading to wider use.

Design/methodology/approach

Developments in X‐ray sources and detectors are described. This is followed by a review of the more innovative equipment available for security and industrial applications.

Findings

Technological developments have produced smaller, lighter X‐ray systems and extended their applications to on‐site work. Multiple wavelength systems distinguish between different materials, and stereo systems remove ambiguities from X‐ray security imaging and allow 3D gauging of industrial components.

Originality/value

The paper highlights the availability of portable X‐ray systems and explains the underlying technology.

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