... technology Component self-alignment Machine learning Deep learning Algorithm Predictive analytics Surface-mount technology (SMT) has been widely used over the years to assemble printed circuit boards (PCBs) (Najib et al., 2018) and is used in many types of commercial products...

..., optimization based deep learning model has been proposed by using 2D signal processing methods. Design/methodology/approach An optimization-based deep learning model is proposed by using image-processing techniques to detect solder paste defects on PCBs with high performance at an early stage...

...Hao Wu; Quanquan Lv; Jiankang Yang; Xiaodong Yan; Xiangrong Xu Purpose This paper aims to propose a deep learning model that can be used to expand the number of samples. In the process of manufacturing and assembling electronic components on the printed circuit board in the surface mount...