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In November 2024, Shell won an appeal in the Hague Court of Appeal, overturning a 2021 landmark ruling that had ordered the company to reduce its global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 45% by 2030 (Fair Change, 2024). The court ruled that there was no clear legal basis to enforce such a specific target on a private company, citing the absence of consensus on a global “social standard of care” Holligan, 2024). However, it affirmed Shell’s “special responsibility” as a major oil and gas producer to address climate change (Kaminski, 2024).
The case began in...
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