... be contacted at: yzhu2017@126.com 05 01 2026 23 02 2026 13 03 2026 © Emerald Publishing Limited 2026 Emerald Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only Community well-being Bottom-up spillover perspective Rural tourism Rural community sustainability Mixed-methods...

... authenticity in shaping consumer responses. Design/methodology/approach A mixed-methods approach was employed. Study 1 analyzed open-ended survey responses from 97 Chinese consumers using topic modeling and sentiment analysis. Study 2 used an experiment with 496 Chinese consumers to investigate the effect...

... adopts a mixed-methods approach to develop and validate a new scale for measuring GCI. This approach leverages the strengths of both qualitative and quantitative methods to gain a comprehensive understanding of the concept and develop a reliable measurement tool. Findings A reliable and valid scale...