Chapter 5: Pushing The Frontier of LMX Research: The Contribution of Triads

We propose extending LMX research beyond the dyad by introducing the triadic level of analysis. Recently developed statistical models such as p* point the way toward multi-level analyses of organizational phenomena such as LMX. However, while such models are useful as investigative tools to identify and analyze triads, they cannot explain why particular triads form or how they function. We develop and explore the constructs of competitive and collaborative interdependence in order to better understand how LMX triads form and function. In addition to these constructs of competitive and collaborative interdependence, we introduce the notion of multiplexity within LMX triads. The idea of multiplexity suggests that the structure of a triad may be predicated on the content and nature of the relations that exist. In an effort to demonstrate the theoretical and methodological linkage for the study of LMX triads, we illustrate the use ofp* analysis to test for dyadic and triadic patterns. Practical implications and future directions for the triadic analysis of LMX relationships are outlined and discussed.