... revealed that firms were better able to customize products when smart manufacturing technologies were launched in the back end. Substantial increase in contextual complexity occurs here and can reveal a yawning divide between the firm’s existing and desired state. Research discovered that seeking help...

... these matching problems. Practical implications The paper illustrates the need of leader development that is addressing the complex nature of managerial work in a more holistic way and to help participants to understand how such complexities can be dealt with. Originality/value An alternative view...