Managerial Effectiveness and Management Education

An underlying assumption of all management education has been that exposure to the theories, concepts and techniques of the various disciplines and functions of management will help managers do their work better. In short, the result should be more effective managerial practices. During the 20th century, management education has adapted to new developments and insights generated by research and experiment. The principles of scientific management were mellowed by the findings of the Hawthorne experiments; the Human Relations School built upon the Hawthorne work gave way slightly as quantitiative decision making grew; and the concepts relating to the “psychologically mature” individual were developed by various contingency approaches, denying the previously held universals of management.