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Significance

The region is particularly vulnerable to climate change in terms of rising sea levels, water and food security, desertification, extreme weather events and socio-economic impacts. MENA has a disproportionately significant role to play in the transition to net zero because of its oil and gas production.

Impacts

Investment will increase in renewable energy technologies, with the exception of hydropower, in the region.

Innovation in cooling technologies will be crucial as MENA transitions to net zero.

Investment in carbon capture and storage and geo-engineering will increase.

Climate change intersects with regional and national politics and may exacerbate existing political tensions across and within borders.

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