This study examines the relationship between extracurricular engagement and academic learning outcomes among Bangladeshi secondary school students, emphasizing the mediating role of student leadership and the moderating effect of school leadership climate.
A cross-sectional quantitative survey was conducted with 384 secondary students in Khulna, Bangladesh. Stratified random sampling ensured proportional representation. The conceptual model was assessed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).
Extracurricular engagement was found to significantly improve both academic outcomes and student leadership. Student leadership positively influenced academic outcomes and partially mediated the relationship between extracurricular engagement and academic learning outcomes. School leadership climate moderated the association between extracurricular engagement and student leadership but did not have a significant impact on academic outcomes.
This study contributes to the fields of extracurricular engagement and educational leadership by demonstrating that student leadership serves as a developmental mechanism linking extracurricular engagement and academic learning outcomes. The findings elucidate how supportive school leadership facilitates the development of leadership skills within extracurricular contexts. Utilizing data from secondary schools in a developing country, the study provides practical recommendations for school leaders on implementing leadership-oriented extracurricular programs and collaborative practices.
