..., motivation and critical thinking had strong interrelationships as elements of face-to-face tutorials. Research limitations/implications This quantitative study was limited to the views of students on the elements of face-to-face tutorials. It was envisaged, however, that the views of the tutors...

... (CBSE) board, regional board. The data are collected through the questionnaire with 15 items and four constructs: abstraction, inquisitiveness, motivation and critical thinking. The data have been analysed through SPSS and AMOS. Findings The result shows good fit of the model with four constructs...