Figure 1 Comparative conformity ratios across ISO 9001:2015 clauses by sector A bar graph comparing conformity percentages across different ISO 9001:2015 clauses between the public and private sectors. A bar graph comparing conformity percentages across different ISO 9001:2015 clauses between ... More about this image found in Comparative conformity ratios across ISO 9001:2015 clauses by sector A b...

Figure 2 Frequency of identified barriers to ISO 9001:2015 implementation A bar graph comparing the frequency of identified barriers to ISO 9001:2015 implementation between the public and private sectors. The bar graph compares the frequency of identified barriers to ISO 9001:2015 implementati... More about this image found in Frequency of identified barriers to ISO 9001:2015 implementation A bar g...

Figure 3 Integrated conceptual model of ISO 9001:2015 implementation in post-conflict warehouse environments A conceptual model diagram illustrating the implementation of ISO 9001:2015 in post-conflict warehouse environments. A conceptual model diagram illustrating the implementation of ISO 90... More about this image found in Integrated conceptual model of ISO 9001:2015 implementation in post-conflic...

Figure 4 Practical implementation roadmap for ISO 9001:2015 in post-conflict warehouse environments A flowchart detailing the practical implementation roadmap for ISO 9001:2015. The flowchart outlines the practical implementation roadmap for ISO 9001:2015 in post-conflict warehouse environment... More about this image found in Practical implementation roadmap for ISO 9001:2015 in post-conflict warehou...

Figure 1 Research methodology and PRISMA steps. Source: Adapted from Moher et al. (2009) A flowchart illustrating the identification, screening, and inclusion of studies via databases and registers. The flowchart details the process of identifying and including studies for review. It starts with the identification phase where records are identified from databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, totaling 391 records. Records are then removed before screening for reasons such as not being peer-reviewed, not being full text, not being in English, and duplicates, resulting in 169 records screened. In the screening phase, 148 records are excluded, and 21 reports are sought for retrieval. All 21 reports are retrieved, and 19 reports are assessed for eligibility, with an additional 4 reports from cross-searching. Finally, 2 reports are excluded, and 23 studies are included in the review. More about this image found in Research methodology and PRISMA steps. Source: Adapted from Moher ...

Figure 2 Research methods distribution. Source: Author’s own work A pie chart showing research methods distribution. A pie chart titled 'Research methods distribution' with five segments. The largest segment, labeled 'Conceptual / Framework / Review', represents seven parts and is colored blue... More about this image found in Research methods distribution. Source: Author’s own work A pie chart sho...

Figure 3 SCQM digital twin capabilities. Source: Author’s own work A diagram of digital twin capabilities for supply chain quality management. A central circle labeled 'Digital Twin for SCQM' surrounded by four interconnected circles. The surrounding circles are labeled 'Monitoring and integra... More about this image found in SCQM digital twin capabilities. Source: Author’s own work A diagram of d...

Figure 4 SCQM digital twin architecture. Source: Author’s own work A diagram of the digital twin architecture for supply chain quality management. A diagram of the digital twin architecture for supply chain quality management. The diagram is divided into three main sections. The left section i... More about this image found in SCQM digital twin architecture. Source: Author’s own work A diagram of t...

Figure 5 SCQM digital twin maturity levels. Source: Author’s own work A diagram of five levels of SCQM digital twin maturity. The diagram illustrates five sequential levels of SCQM digital twin maturity. Level 1 focuses on building quality data foundations and analytical models. Level 2 involv... More about this image found in SCQM digital twin maturity levels. Source: Author’s own work A diagram o...

Figure 6 IPT needs and digital twin maturity framework. Source: Author’s own work A diagram representing the relationship between information processing needs and digital twin maturity level. A diagram representing the relationship between information processing needs and digital twin maturity... More about this image found in IPT needs and digital twin maturity framework. Source: Author’s own work ...

Figure 1 Methodological procedures. Source: Adapted from Rossini et al. (2019) More about this image found in Methodological procedures. Source: Adapted from Rossini et al...

Figure 2 Research methodology flowchart. Source: The authors (2026) More about this image found in Research methodology flowchart. Source: The authors (2026)

Figure 3 Parallel analysis scree plots. Source: The authors More about this image found in Parallel analysis scree plots. Source: The authors

Figure 4 Distribution of the average degree of sustainability according to the levels (clusters) of Lean 4.0 practices and co-creation. Source: The authors More about this image found in Distribution of the average degree of sustainability according to the level...

Figure 5 Modelling via PLS-SEM. Source: The authors More about this image found in Modelling via PLS-SEM. Source: The authors