...-outsourcing of services. In particular, it examines how economic and cultural attributes of the supplier’s host nation shape these choices and identifies whether these attributes have a substitutive, complementary, or competing relationship. Design/methodology/approach – A quantitative study...

...Stanley J. Paliwoda; Stephanie Slater; Doren Chadee; Revti Raman Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review the development of the empirical literature on international outsourcing of information technology services (ITS) over the 1992‐2007 period and to identify future research areas...

... is to explain the conditions under which the retailers/merchandisers are able to outsource, or externalise, production activities in this way whilst still retaining control over the activities within the commodity chain. Design/methodology/approach The approach is theoretical, and the evidence provided...