... Decentralization Middle management Governance Implementation Local authorities In recent decades, decentralisation and deregulation movements have been observable in many education systems around the world (Addi-Raccah, 2015 ; Hargreaves and Shirley, 2009 ; Seashore Louis, 2013). Such changes affect...

... LEAs as non‐agents, largely incapable of affecting schools in their jurisdiction [4] . © Emerald Group Publishing Limited 2005 Schools Local authorities Decentralized control Israel Privatization and the decreasing reach of welfare state policies challenge many countries...