Social efficiency benchmarking of transport infrastructure with non-radial approach: focusing on airports

The aim of this paper is to show current position of domestic airports and provide an improvement scheme through the comparative analysis of efficiency and social efficiency. We used SBM (Slack Based Measure) for efficiency and undesirable output model that is extended from SBM for social efficiency. In addition, window analysis is used for analyzing the trend of the values. For the scope of this study, we analyzed fourteen airports in Korea from 2004 to 2009. In the models, we considered the length of runway, the number of employees and terminal area as input factors, and the number of passengers, the amount of cargo and the number of flights as desirable outputs and directly controllable CO2 emissions from airports as undesirable output. The results show that all of the efficiencies are higher than the social efficiencies and both of them are decreasing by years. To improve social efficiency in 2009, the average amounts of reduced CO2 emissions which account for 48.3% of the total emissions are required.