... consisting of brand awareness, perceived quality, brand associations and brand loyalty. To test the brand equity scale cross‐nationally a survey was undertaken in the UK and Spain. Measurement invariance was assessed using multi‐group confirmatory factor analysis. Findings The brand equity scale...

... Competitive analysis Retailing Spain Price dispersions are frequently used by retail outlets as a basis for being perceived as outlets where the overall purchase can be made with a lower monetary sacrifice by consumers. However, there is no doubt that not all brands suffer a price dispersion...

...Isabel María Rosa Díaz Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of qualitative demand factors in companies' pricing decisions. Design/methodology/approach An empirical study was carried out, interviewing price managers in a selection of 74 companies from Andalusia (Spain...

... that the climate of trust in the relationship, the collaboration and exchange of information, which act as direct antecedents of the level of satisfaction perceived by the firm, may be equally affected. Customer satisfaction Communication Trust Buyer‐seller relationships Spain An executive summary...

... of an item of domestic equipment in two countries, one with a big conversion rate (Spain), and one with a small conversion rate (Germany). Observes a money illusion effect with an increase in intention to buy when the prices are expressed in euros in Germany but, as this effect is not observed in Spain...