To develop and test a context-responsive green design framework through a systematic literature review and comparative multiple-case analysis of LEED- and BREEAM-certified buildings.
A PRISMA-based systematic literature review identified 112 eligible studies from Scopus, Web of Science and ScienceDirect (2000–2025). Six eco-design domains were synthesized and operationalized through a matrix-based evaluation of The Edge (BREEAM Outstanding) and Bank of America Tower (LEED Platinum).
Results reveal strong convergence in energy-related domains, while differences emerge in water management and indoor environmental quality. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of comparative rankings.
The study is limited to two internationally certified case studies and focuses on design-integrated ecological performance rather than broader socio-economic dimensions.
The framework provides architects, designers and policymakers with a transparent tool for benchmarking and improving sustainability integration in certified buildings.
The study advances green building evaluation by integrating systematic evidence synthesis with matrix-based benchmarking and contributes a replicable framework for context-responsive green architectural assessment.
