The aim of this study is to propose a context-based, holistic, and multi-stakeholder model for the preservation of traditional rural settlements located within archaeological sites. The developed model is based on the necessity for decision-making processes to be multifaceted and participatory, rather than on the assumption that such settlements must be preserved in their entirety along with all their cultural heritage values.
The model, developed by examining the Burra Charter and other international conservation documents, comprises the following stages: site understanding, analysis of the relationship between rural settlement and archaeological site, identification of values and threats, development of conservation policies, preparation of a management plan and monitoring, evaluations and updating. The model's applicability was tested at the ancient city of Sogmatar in Sanliurfa Province, Turkey.
Based on investigations in Sogmatar, two conservation policies were created developed, considering distinct priorities for village conservation. The first policy proposes the relocation of the local population to a nearby area, the transformation of the archaeological site into an open-air museum, and the adaptive reuse of largely intact traditional residential buildings. The second policy allows the population to stay in place and preserve rural life.
The original aspect of the study goes beyond conservation approaches focused on physical intervention and limited decision-makers; it proposes a systematic and multi-participatory model that also considers community memory, social structure and traditional production methods. The developed model offers an applicable and adaptable approach for the preservation of such rural-archaeological settlements across diverse geographies.
