The purpose of this paper is to explore the applications and technological details of common components – rings and springs.
The characteristics and applications of compression springs and then extension springs are investigated, and various finishing techniques are reported. Rings ranging from flat washers to snap‐rings, push‐on rings and Smalley rings are presented.
The humble spring may be surprisingly high‐tech, with applications in fuel injection, pacemakers and insulin delivery systems. Springs fulfill shock absorption duties as well as securing tasks, and can pre‐load fixtures to withstand thermal expansion and vibration. Retaining rings are used in heavy duty lifting gear and wind turbines, whilst simple washers elegantly combine wear protection with insulation in securing circuit boards.
The paper highlights the continuing development and surprising strengths of some simple components.
