This paper aims to examine how artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping supply chain roles and the implications for human resource (HR) leaders responsible for workforce development.
Drawing on existing academic studies and practitioner insights, this paper adopts a conceptual and practitioner-oriented approach to interpret the changing relationship between AI adoption and workforce capability requirements.
The results show that while AI drives operational capabilities, its effectiveness ultimately depends on employees’ ability to interpret and act on AI-generated insights. As such, workforce capability (not technology alone) emerges as a key determinant of supply chain agility and resilience.
HR leaders need to move beyond traditional training models by embedding continuous learning into everyday work, redesigning roles to support human–AI collaboration and proactively aligning workforce planning with evolving capability demands.
Rather than treating technology as the primary driver, this paper argues that HR holds the decisive role in unlocking AI’s value, positioning workforce capability development as the critical link between adoption and supply chain performance.
