... – how changes in a company's offer or communications lead to changes in customer behavior, and what affect these have on company profitability. Practical implications Managers can use the 3‐D integrated perspective to help evaluate strategic options by addressing the economic trade‐offs...

...David I. Goldenberg Shareholder‐value proponents claim a new, economically sound way to maximize profits, create wealth, measure performance, and reward executives. That invalid claim is dangerous. Stocks of shareholder‐value firms appreciated barely 15 percent as much as another, time‐tested...