This study aims to explore the complex dynamics of temperature-dependent thermal conductivity and viscosity in pressure-driven hydromagnetic flow of a nonlinear radiative Carreau–Yasuda nanofluid within a Darcy–Forchheimer porous channel, considering the effects of exo/endothermic reactions and activation energy. The research further integrates Soret–Dufour effects, heat source/sink and Joule heating, alongside a comprehensive entropy generation assessment. This study holds the potential to advance innovations in biomedical and energy-saving technologies.
A system of dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) is formulated to model the flow dynamics by integrating Buongiorno effects into the mathematical framework. The model was rendered dimensionless using suitable nondimensional parameters and variables that facilitate numerical computation. Subsequently, the governing PDEs were reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) via the perturbation technique, and their solutions were numerically obtained with the “bvp4c” solver in MATLAB.
Velocity is inversely proportional to both the magnetic parameter and the Forchheimer number, while it shows a direct proportionality to the Darcy number. The steady temperature profile intensifies with the augmentation of the parameters such as heat source/sink, activation energy, exo/endothermic and Buongiorno effects. The enhancement of thermophoresis, chemical reaction and Soret parameters leads to an upward trend in the steady concentration profile. Moreover, a substantial improvement in heat transfer rate, velocity profile and steady temperature profile is evident when variable viscosity and thermal conductivity are accounted for, versus being neglected.
A key differentiator of this research lies in the simultaneous incorporation of temperature-dependent transport properties into the analysis of pulsatile hydromagnetic Carreau–Yasuda nanofluid flow through a Darcy–Forchheimer porous structure under the consideration of Soret–Dufour mechanisms, nonlinear thermal radiation and nanoparticle-induced transport phenomena.
