... scale to measure the phenomenon. Design/methodology/approach The research comprises five studies and follows established scale development procedures. Study 1 generates and refines scale items; Study 2 purifies and validates the factor structure; Studies 3 and 4 establish nomological, discriminant...

... for scale development, this study also employs experiments, questionnaires and structural equation modeling to test the effects of CCOSP. Findings This study establishes a new construct of CCOSP, which has emerged in the political field along with the trend of deglobalization but never in consumer...

... brands from different FMCG product categories [1] . Specifically, it combines data from different sources. Data on brand love are collected using an ad hoc measurement scale developed in the current paper, whereas data on brand attitude are derived from company’s tracking studies and brand performance...