Self-compacting geopolymer concrete yield with GGBFS and copper slag powder as precursor Available to Purchase

The current study introduces the realisation of self-compacting geopolymer concrete (SCGC) with optimal content of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and copper slag based binary blended precursor through a detailed fresh and hardened SCGC characteristics study. A systematic partial replacement of GGBFS through copper slag was conducted to attain the optimal proportion of binary GGBFS–copper slag based blended precursor to accomplish an upgraded workable, stronger, and durable SCGC under ambient temperature curing. The research examines a range of GGBFS–copper slag replacement ratios in the yielded SCGC, evaluating fresh properties (filling ability, passing ability, and segregation resistance), physical characteristics (density), mechanical strength (destructive and non-destructive testing), and durability attributes (water transportation, chemical, and corrosion characteristics). Microstructural analysis was conducted using scanning electron microscopy to acquire detailed insights into the geopolymerisation process and the presence of cracks within the SCGC matrix, which was further supported by statistical validation through one-way analysis of variance. A comprehensive sustainability assessment was also undertaken, including the computation of global warming potential. The findings conclude that a 35% copper slag substitution optimally balances workability, strength, durability, and sustainability, transforming the GGBFS–copper slag blended SCGC into a high-performance, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable alternative in contemporary concrete structure.