Reducing Accidents Using a Behavioural Approach

An important distinction in psychology is between external and internal determinants of behaviour. Behaviour may be perceived as being determined either by factors internal to the individual (e.g. personality) or by external factors, in particular the consequences that follow the behaviour. External factors are central to the behavioural approach. The tendency for people to underestimate the importance of external factors in influencing behaviour is discussed. An application of the behavioural approach to accident reduction is described and the benefits and problems associated with its implementation discussed. The importance of workforce participation and involvement are emphasized. In addition, it is suggested that the commitment of management, especially at the highest levels, is required if the programme is to maintain long‐term effectiveness.