... Limited Licensed re-use rights only Scale development Validation Perceived artificial intelligence usefulness E-commerce Online shopping Digital technologies have revolutionized businesses across the world. In the current era of digitalization, the marketplace has evolved into a market...

... intent to navigate and utilize the app. In this research, we have combined the approaches of Churchill (1979) and Hinkin (1998) to develop a scale for the multi-item marketing construct: mobile app engagement. Five phases of scale development comprise the development procedure. Reviewing...

... on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach, 104 CX scale development studies published between 1996 and 2024 are identified and analyzed in terms of their respective CX conceptualization, dimensionality, itemization, and adopted theoretical perspective to evaluate...

... respondents’ reputational judgments as valid if they are non-random and are founded on factual knowledge, inherent beliefs or unyielding emotions. Therefore, respondents are expected to defend their prior beliefs against conflicting information, such as experimental manipulation. Scale development...