... or discounts to promote their products. The economic literature points out that in-kind gifts may be unappreciated by receivers and thus inferior to cash gifts (Prendergast and Stole, 2001 ; Principe and Eisenhauer, 2009). The reason is that givers are usually imperfectly informed about receivers...

...”) or negative framing (“lose if you don't purchase”). Findings The prediction was not confirmed: participants did not show more willingness to purchase products offered in sales promotions of discount when presented with a negative frame relative to their presentation in the conventional positive frame...

..., toothpaste, mouthwash, toothbrush and dental floss. Various forms of discounts are tested to assess the effectiveness of bundles. While bundling has been investigated in marketing settings, the focus has been limited to consumer durables using quantitative scales. The experimental study is followed...

...Jai Ok Kim; Byoungho Jin As the competition in domestic markets increases, multinational retailers are expanding globally. Multinational discounters such as Wal‐Mart and Carrefour have been vying against Korean discounters for market share with the full liberalization of the distribution sector...