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Keywords: Scale development
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Journal Articles
How do consumers perceive craftsmanship in luxury brands? Linking craftsmanship, consumer well-being and brand loyalty
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Journal of Product & Brand Management 1–15.
Published: 15 May 2026
... marketing Scale development Hedonic well-being Eudaimonic well-being Consumer well-being Inconspicuous consumption Brand loyalty Luxury brands have long embraced craftsmanship as a hallmark of their unique identity and status since their founding (Kapferer and Bastien, 2012). Hermes claims...
Includes: Supplementary data
Journal Articles
Consumer perceived product innovativeness: scale development, calibration and validation
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Journal of Product & Brand Management (2025)
Published: 01 July 2025
.... Drawing on previous research, the authors acknowledged that the concept is multidimensional, and they positioned this study as a scale development work that harmonizes the key dimensions of consumer perceived product innovativeness (CPPI). Design/methodology/approach Based on a qualitative...
Journal Articles
Customer-based brand competitiveness (CBBC) scale: advancing the relative perspective
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Journal of Product & Brand Management (2025) 34 (4): 450–467.
Published: 04 December 2024
... competitiveness (CBBC) as a customer-based perspective and develop a scale to measure the construct. Design/methodology/approach The scale development process comprises three stages, with a literature search and a qualitative consumer study (n = 20) in the scale construction stage, interviews...
Journal Articles
Development and validation of omni- channel shopping value scale in Iran
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Journal of Product & Brand Management (2025) 34 (1): 21–43.
Published: 25 November 2024
... is on the diagonal line of the correlation matrix Source: Authors’ calculations Omni-channel shopping value Scale development Touchpoints Customer engagement Today, the incorporation of technology into consumers’ daily lives has progressed significantly compared to earlier generations...
Journal Articles
Brand pride: concept and measurement
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Journal of Product & Brand Management (2024) 33 (6): 668–683.
Published: 29 May 2024
...Harleen Kaur; Harsh V. Verma Purpose This paper aims to conceptualize and define a construct of brand pride and develop a measurement instrument for the construct. Design/methodology/approach A scale development procedure comprising a qualitative prestudy and four quantitative studies for item...
Journal Articles
Online brand advocacy (OBA): the development of a multiple item scale
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Journal of Product & Brand Management (2020) 29 (4): 415–429.
Published: 17 January 2020
... Licensed re-use rights only Online brand advocacy OBA CBE eWOM Scale development Online communication Mobilized by the connectivity offered by their digital devices, today’s “wired” consumers are increasingly skeptical about traditional marketer-driven communication (Pini and Pelleschi...
Journal Articles
Brand love measurement scale development: an inter-cultural analysis
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Journal of Product & Brand Management (2020) 29 (4): 471–489.
Published: 29 November 2019
.... Originality/value This is the first brand love measurement scale developed from an etic perspective, encompassing complex and dynamic emotional dimensions that in combination, form the brand love experience. Results indicate that the brand love experience may significantly differ from culture to culture...
Journal Articles
Corporate social responsibility and business ethics: conceptualization, scale development and validation
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Journal of Product & Brand Management (2020) 29 (4): 431–439.
Published: 24 September 2019
... of scenarios enabling a greater understanding of the link between customer’s feelings toward what a company is doing and the potential response. Based on the scale development, we provide validated measures of consumer attitudes independently capture perceptions of CSR and BE. Researchers can adopt the scales...
Journal Articles
Cognitive and emotional resistance to innovations: concept and measurement
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Journal of Product & Brand Management (2020) 29 (4): 441–455.
Published: 26 July 2019
... be; and the trialability barrier, which indicates how difficult consumers believe it would be to try out the innovation (Rogers, 2003). Scale development New product adoption Active innovation resistance Cognitive active resistance Emotional active resistance Most of the literature on consumers...
Journal Articles
Brand avoidance: underlying protocols and a practical scale
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Journal of Product & Brand Management (2019) 28 (5): 586–597.
Published: 07 March 2019
... within an anti-choice setting (Hogg and Banister, 2001). Brand avoidance Scale development Anti-branding Brand relationships A widely held belief in the branding literature suggests that several intrinsic and extrinsic equities about brands trigger consumers’ patronage. These factors may...
Journal Articles
Brand hypocrisy from a consumer perspective: scale development and validation
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Journal of Product & Brand Management (2019) 28 (5): 598–613.
Published: 28 February 2019
... it. Design/methodology/approach A multiphase scale development process involving 559 consumers was conducted. Study 1 pertains to item generation and reduction phases. Study 2 reports on scale purification and validation through confirmatory factor analyses and model comparisons. Study 3 focuses...
Journal Articles
Guest-based hotel equity: scale development and validation
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Journal of Product & Brand Management (2018) 27 (6): 615–633.
Published: 29 October 2018
... framework, as we consider that loyalty is an outcome of brand equity. The two models have been examined several times in the past two decades, but with special reference to consumer goods, rather than services (Huang and Cai, 2015). Hotels Scale development UAE Customer perceived value Customer...
Journal Articles
Retail brand experience: scale development and validation
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Journal of Product & Brand Management (2016) 25 (5): 435–451.
Published: 15 August 2016
... perspective, Das et al. (2012) stated: Imran Khan is the corresponding author and can be contacted at: imrankaifi@gmail.com Retailing Brand experience Scale development Retail brand Retail brand experience Retail brand name: It is an extrinsic clue...
Journal Articles
Brand trust: a cross-national validation in Germany, India, and South Africa
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Journal of Product & Brand Management (2016) 25 (1): 58–68.
Published: 21 March 2016
.../approach – Based on accepted scale development procedures, the authors have derived a parsimonious, reliable and valid scale to measure brand trust. Findings – The resulting cross-national scales of brand trust demonstrate validity by offering a good fit and invariant measures across countries...
Journal Articles
Brand tribalism: an anthropological perspective
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Journal of Product & Brand Management (2014) 23 (1): 2–15.
Published: 11 March 2014
... for the brand and among its consumers; community practices that create value may be organized into categories of social networking, impression management, community engagement, and brand use (Schau et al., 2009). Consumer behaviour Brand community Scale development Brand attitude Brand tribe...
Journal Articles
Exploring brand masculine patterns: moving beyond monolithic masculinity
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Journal of Product & Brand Management (2013) 22 (7): 502–512.
Published: 01 November 2013
... of brands and studied the structure of brand gender. She defined brand gender as “the set of human personality traits associated with masculinity and femininity applicable and relevant to brands”. In this regard, we consider brand gender to be a dimension of a brand's personality. Via a scale development...
Journal Articles
Characteristics‐based innovation adoption: scale and model validation
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Journal of Product & Brand Management (2011) 20 (5): 343–355.
Published: 23 August 2011
... Innovation Scale development Product characteristics Adoption Diffusion Product development An executive summary for managers and executive readers can be found at the end of this article. An innovation is an idea, practice, or object that is perceived to be new by an individual. It does...
Journal Articles
Brand romance: a complementary approach to explain emotional attachment toward brands
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Journal of Product & Brand Management (2011) 20 (4): 297–308.
Published: 19 July 2011
... is a distinct possibility. Brands Emotional attachment Brand loyalty Self‐expansion model Brand relationships Scale development Brand attraction Brand management Consumer behaviour The search for stimulation is fundamental in consumers' shopping behaviors. For instance, Tynan (1997...
