... structural equation model was used to test the theoretical model. Findings The results show that when managers perceive themselves as having lower status, they are more likely to experience lower self-esteem, which in turn motivates them to cover up their subordinates' wrongdoing. Moreover, the indirect...

...‐solving”, “re‐framing and creativity”, “empowerment”, and “success and self‐esteem”. The tales are a mixture of fables, personal experiences, myths and real examples from organisations. Many tales may be used for more than one purpose. Some work better with groups, others in one‐to‐one coaching. Each tale...

... to better understand how the self‐esteem motive and a lack of self‐concept clarity cause self‐censorship. Person‐focused and feedback‐focused strategies to reduce self‐censorship are described, and directions for future research are suggested. One of the reasons often given for self‐censorship...