... show that selected dimensions of institutional theory do a good job of predicting IMS for the direct selling industry. Future efforts may wish to apply institutional theory to new IMS contexts. The authors conclude with managerial implications. National cultures Institutional theory International...

... be contacted at: B_jin@uncg.edu © Emerald Group Publishing Limited 2013 China National cultures Values International business Business practices As the world's third largest country, home to one‐fourth of the world's population, and the fastest growing economy in the world, China offers...

... for the brands, and as a portrayal of ideal self‐concept that the brand wants to attach to the brand image. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited 2013 Indonesia Korea National cultures Cosmetics Consumer behaviour Advertising Male decorative model Cosmetics advertisement Religion Korean wave...

... of the global process. Findings The paper finds that, although internationalization is a complicated task, the adequate management of resources allows firms to achieve their objectives. Originality/value The paper takes as reference a national culture‐based hand‐crafted product, which is really...

... makeup “which is learned by people as the result of belonging to a particular group, and is that part of learned behavior that is shared by others. It is our social legacy, as contrasted to our organic heredity”. To study national culture between two countries we turn to the seminal work of Hofstede...

...Christian Felzensztein; Eli Gimmon Purpose To investigate the influence of national or sub‐national culture and company size on inter‐firm cooperation in marketing among cluster‐based firms, with specific respect to the salmon‐farming industry. Design/methodology/approach Case study analysis...

..., and that a favourable view of the national culture would increase the likelihood of a positive orientation to brands associated with it. They were equivocal with respect to the other two, that positive views of the culture would transfer to brands associated with it, and that age would influence receptiveness...

... to other factors such as differences in cultural values between the samples. Advertising National cultures Hong Kong United States of America © Emerald Group Publishing Limited 2004 Individualistic cultures emphasize the goals of individuals rather than group concerns and needs...

... and marketing strategies are discussed for multinational and domestic marketers. © MCB UP Limited 2000 Consumer behaviour National cultures Country of origin Confucianism Koreans’ consumption of imported products has rapidly increased in various product categories since the Korean market...

.... If these perceptions differed for specific countries. If these perceptions differed between product classes. If differences in perceptions were based on socio‐economic characteristics. Brands Consumer attitudes Country of origin National cultures Perceptions Over the past 30 years or so...

... measure of ethical predisposition may be misleading and that ethical attitudes may be situational. Marketers must consider the characteristics of each country when assessing risk. © MCB UP Limited 1997 Consumer behaviour National cultures New Zealand Singapore Test marketing USA...

... Japanese(Prestowicz, 1986). Attitudes Corporate culture Economic systems Ethics Japan Japanese management styles Marketing strategy National cultures Japan, using the wakon yosai, Japanese spirit and Western knowledge philosophy, rapidly and painfully industrialized and caught...

.... Attitudes Consumer behaviour Cross‐cultural management Germany International marketing National cultures Pacific Rim Strategic planning Culture is the instrument by which each new generation acquires the capacity to bridge the distance that separates one life from another. The function...

..., and the use of venture capital certainly exist and definitely influence the varying levels of sourcing innovative capacity seen. © MCB UP Limited 1994 Entrepreneurs Innovation National cultures New product development Organizational structure Productivity Small firms Success...

... and money risks: © MCB UP Limited 1994 Consumer behaviour Consumer attitudes Grocery industry National cultures Retailing Saudi Arabia Shopping Supermarkets Although a consensual definition is yet to emerge, shopping deliberateness refers to the pursuit, acquisition and use...

... a future scenario for the Japanese. © MCB UP Limited 1994 Competitive advantage Innovation Japan Japanese management styles Management techniques National cultures USA Japanese firms have a preference for short‐term cost reduction rather than long‐term development of technological...

... Limited 1994 Innovation Japan Myths National cultures New product development Success USA It is of utmost importance that reality be separated from the myth, that the Japanese tattae as well as honne be discussed. The dangers of believing in myths are that the wrong...

... orientals. © MCB UP Limited 1993 Foreign investment Global marketing International trade Joint ventures National cultures South Korea 44 MARKETING INTELLIGENCE & PLANNING 11,2 The key to all business relationships with Koreans is understanding and respect; and an understanding of Korea's...

... in an educational setting. Business education Gender National cultures Non‐verbal communication © MCB UP Limited 1992 THE HANDSHAKE AS NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION IN BUSINESS 41 A re you conveying the right signals with your handshake? Business could depend on it. The Handshake as Non-verbal...

... on international marketing success or failure. © MCB UP Limited 1992 International marketing Marketing Multinationals National cultures Negotiating 10 MARKETING INTELLIGENCE & PLANNING 10,2 C ross-cultural negotiations are vital for securing the success of international marketing activities...